
It is my interest for poetry which renders yesterday, April 23rd, a special day but a degree lower than my fiancée and I’s anniversary. April 23rd is both the traditional birthday and the death anniversary of the most posthumously controversial poet who ever lived, the “Great Bard” of the universe
William Shaksper. Yes, the man Shaksper who supposedly wrote the most beloved plays Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, Othello etc., is the authorship rival of another contemporary poet mistakenly celebrated in his day as the same man. And his name was Shake-Speare.
I am not the only fool who doubts whether the bard we know today as William Shakespeare wrote the entire magna opera ascribed to the name “Shakespeare”. There is a long list of men who had expressed their disbelief that the peasant from Stratford-upon-Avon who went not farther than London could write about Venice, Denmark, and France and much of Europe. Among them are Walt Witman, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Mark Twain, Orson Welles, Henry James, Sigmund Freud and Tyrone Guthrie (
Shakespeare Authorship Coalition).
I was most intrigued when I found out that the sonnets, 154 in all, are not actually published under the name “William Shakespeare,” but instead under the pseudonymous SHAKE-SPEARE. Consult every copy of The Sonnets in your local bookstores, and read the introductions which may explain the same incongruity. Furthermore, William Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon, as we differentiate him from our theoretical SHAKE-SPEARE, is not born as a Shakespeare. Based on the parish registry of the Holy Trinity Church he was baptized on April 26, 1564 as William Shaksper, and he and his family used either Shakspere or Shakspear, but never Shakespeare.
The Stratfordian Shakespeare was educated in a free school chartered in 1553, called the King’s New School, and beyond that he never went to Gray’s Inn (which was the training house for lawyers during his day). Yet, as what can be perceived in his sonnets, legal terms (at least during their time) such as impeach, exchequer, auditor, forfeit, moiety, recompense, sureties, lease and many more (200 in all according to Sobran) are scattered in his lines. In The Merchant of Venice he has an elaborate description of the Italian city customs when in fact he had never been there. Are the writings ascribed to the known “William Shakespeare” actually works of two authors (one William Shakespeare and the other SHAKE-SPEARE) mistaken to be one? But if the former is the playwright and theater owner from Stratford-upon-Avon, who could have been the mysterious SHAKE-SPEARE?
During the 17th century it was not “honorable” for an aristocrat to write plays and poems for the public. Hence poets who were courtiers of the period published either under pen-names or just left their writings to their will. Such writers who had their outputs published posthumously were
Sir Philip Sydney of the Astrophel and Stella fame,
Fulke Greville and
Sir Walter Raleigh.
Our search leads us to one man; similarly a poet, playwright, sportsman, patron of writers and the theater, Elizabethan courtier, and a traveler who in his lifetime roved the cities mentioned in the Shakespearean plays - and most of all, William Shakespeare’s contemporary -
Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford.
What is the parallelism between Oxford and the writings ascribed to be Shakespeare’s? Let us take it incisively. Oxford was a talented courtier, educated at Gray’s Inn in 1567, and was a poet and playwright famous during his time (even more famous than the theater-owner Shakespeare of Stratford-upon-Avon), but as it appears none of his work under the name Oxford survives today. Researchers premise that Oxford used a pseudonym because it was the common style of aristocratic writers of the period. Was SHAKE-SPEARE the pseudonym he used?
Polonius, a major character in Shakepeare’s Hamlet, is being seen by Elizabethan scholars as modeled after
Sir William Cecil, Lord Burghley. And who is William Cecil? He was just the custodian of Edward de Vere during his youth.
If you have read William Shakespeare’s First Folio, you shall see that it was dedicated to a certain Earl of Montgomery who was, according to the Folio, one of the INCOMPARABLE PAIRE OF BRETHREN. And was it just a coincidence that the Earl of Montgomery was the husband of Susan de Vere, Oxford’s daughter?
Another mysterious dedicatee is a certain Mr. W. H. of The Sonnets. Was Mr. W. H.
Henry Wriothesley, Earl of Southampton, who was engaged then to one of Oxford’s daughters?
“To the onlie begetter of these insuing sonnets Mr. W. H. all happinesse and that eternitie promised by our everliving poet wisheth the well-wishing adventurer in setting forth T. T.”T. T. was Thomas Thorpe, the printer who published the Sonnets. The term “ever-living” is usually used to refer to someone who has been deceased. But why would Thorpe mention the word in 1609 when the Stratfordian Shakespeare was not yet dead (his death would occur seven years later in 1616)? Was he referring to Oxford, who was already dead five years past in 1604? Remarkably it is notable that after 1604 Shakespeare “fell silent” until Thorpe’s publication of the sonnets in 1609.
And if you would examine the contents of The Sonnets, the first seventeen sonnets all try to convince a certain Fair Lord to marry and have children lest his youth will fade without an heir. Similarly Oxford tried to convince Henry Wriothesley (to whom Shake-speare’s Sonnets was dedicated) to marry one of his daughters who had been engaged to the latter.
The sonnets were written in the
ababcdcdefefgg rhyme scheme known as the English Sonnet or later the Shakespeare Sonnet. The rhyme scheme was invented by
Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, and he was Oxford’s uncle.
Oxford once wrote an epistle to Thomas Bedingfield’s English Translation of Cardanus, and the same epistle was being referred to by critics as “Hamlet’s book” because it incredibly parallels the thought and style of writing used in the play particularly in Hamlet’s famous monologue “to be or not to be.” In addition to it Oxford was a man with too much knowledge in aristocratic life, the military, law, and his passion in the theaters, things rarely observed in a rustic. A researcher also adds that there are abundant similarities between Oxford’s life and the Shakespearean plays (Looney, 1920).
Also, there are only a few records of the Stratfordian Shakespeare’s life, and not only his writings had been doubted but also his religious beliefs and even his sexuality as well.
These are a few evidences that influenced my viewpoint on Shakespeare similar to what convinced numerous historians, actors, poets, politicians and writers. However, it is up to you to either believe it or do a lot of research before jumping over the fence to the yard where the Oxfordians are grilling barbecue. Just some tidbits of controversy though, to commemorate the birth and death in the peculiar fashion of a much peculiar Shakespeare whose name has somehow left the world with the nostalgic air of Elizabethan life in the cloak-and-sword days.
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